School City of Hobart Science The Indiana Academic Standards provide educators and administrators with a complete set of Indiana's K-12 academic standards for Science. Schools should work to align curriculum instruction and classroom assessment with the new standards. While the standards set expectations for student learning they do not prescribe how the standards should be taught. IN: Grade 7 The Indiana Academic Standards for Science include standards for students in seventh grade. |
Earth and Space Science |
The Earth and Space Science unit addresses the composition, structure, exploration, and history of the earth and space. Topics include plate tectonics, the atmosphere, geological cycles and processes, weather, climate, the solar system, and the universe. |
Rocks: Explain/Sediments/Form/Rock
The learner will be able to explain how sediments of sand and smaller particles, which may contain the remains of living things, are slowly buried and cemented together by dissolved minerals to form solid rock.
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Rocks: Describe/Buried/Reformed/Erode
The learner will be able to describe that when sedimentary rock is buried deeply enough, it may be reformed by pressure and heat and possibly melt and recrystallize into different types of rock which may be forced upward to form land surface or mountains, and subsequently erode.
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Earth and Sun: Identify/Closer/Stars
The learner will be able to identify that the sun is thousands of times closer to the earth than all other stars, which allows sunlight to reach the earth in a matter of minutes, compared to time spans of longer than a year for other stars.
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Earth and Sun: Understand/Light/Reaches
The learner will be able to understand that only a small percentage of light that is emitted by the sun actually reaches the earth.
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Earth and Sun: Explain/Closer/Stars
The learner will be able to explain that the sun is thousands of times closer to the earth than all other stars, which allows sunlight to reach the earth in a matter of minutes, compared to time spans of longer than a year for other stars.
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Volcano: Explain/Gas/Dust/Atmosphere
The learner will be able to explain how gas and dust from large volcanic eruptions can alter the atmosphere.
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Sun: Identify/Star/Size/Located/Galaxy
The learner will be able to identify that the sun is a star of medium size that is located near the edge of a disk-shaped galaxy of stars, and that there are many billions of galaxies, each of which contains many billions of stars.
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Sun: Explain/Star/Size/Located/Galaxy
The learner will be able to explain that the sun is a star of medium size that is located near the edge of a disk-shaped galaxy of stars, and that there are many billions of galaxies, each of which contains many billions of stars.
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Earth: History/Describe/Sedimentary
The learner will be able to describe that the layers of sedimentary rock are evidence of earth's geologic and biologic history including how environmental conditions and life have changed.
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Earth: History/Describe/Rock/Layers
The learner will be able to describe that although successive layers of sedimentary rock contain remains of the earth's changing surface and life forms, the most recent layers may not be located on top because of folding, breaking, and uplift of rock layers.
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Weather: Climate/Recognize/Currents
The learner will be able to recognize the impact of ocean currents on climate.
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Weather: Climate/Explain/Currents
The learner will be able to explain the impact of ocean currents on climate.
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Weather: Climate/Explain/Alterations
The learner will be able to explain how climates have experienced sudden alterations as a result of changes in the earth's crust.
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Earth: Surface/Changes/Provide/Examples
The learner will be able to provide examples of both sudden and gradual changes in the surface of the earth.
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Geologic Processes: Describe/Cause
The learner will be able to describe how heat flow and movement of materials within the earth can cause volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and formation of mountains and ocean basins.
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Life Science |
The Life Science unit addresses the characteristics and cycles of and relationships between living things and their environments. Topics include cellular organization, classification, ecosystems, genetics, and human health issues. |
Environment: Population/Regulated
The learner will be able to comprehend and describe that as a population increases, it is regulated by environmental factors which could result in depletion of food or nesting locations and/or increased loss to increased amounts of predators or parasites; provide examples of these consequences.
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Cells: Plant and Animal/Differentiate
The learner will be able to understand the properties that differentiate plant cells from animal cells.
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Cells: Describe/Divide/Growth/Repair
The learner will be able to describe that cells constantly divide to produce more cells for growth and repair.
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Organisms: Explain/Food/Materials/Energy
The learner will be able to explain that food supplies building materials and energy for all living things.
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Organisms: Molecules/Describe/Energy
The learner will be able to explain that water, air and food supply molecules that function as building materials and energy for all organisms.
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Animals & Plants: Identify/Differenc
The learner will be able to identify the basic difference between plants and animals.
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Diseases: Identify/Catch/Cold/Viruses
The learner will be able to identify that a person could catch a cold numerous times since there are several varieties of cold viruses which cause similar symptoms.
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Diseases: Describe/Infected/Interfere
The learner will be able to describe that the human body may become infected with viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites which could interfere with normal bodily functions.
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Diseases: Comprehend/Historical/Causes
The learner will be able to comprehend that historical explanations of disease often cited spiritual causes, but a more prevalent theory held that sickness was a result of body fluid imbalances.
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Diseases: Understand/Germ/Theory/Pasteur
The learner will be able to understand that the germ theory, formed by Louis Pasteur and others in the 19th century, led to the present-day understanding that many diseases are caused by microorganisms.
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Diseases: Describe/Explanations
The learner will be able to describe that people have historically created explanations for disease.
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Diseases: Comprehend/Pasteur/Cause
The learner will be able to comprehend that Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms often cause animal disease; future scientists determined that certain germs cause specific diseases.
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Diseases: Comprehend/Pasteur/Immunity
The learner will be able to comprehend that Louis Pasteur determined that infection by disease-causing organisms causes the body to build up immunity against future infection against the same type of organism.
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Diseases: Comprehend/Explanations
The learner will be able to comprehend that people have historically created explanations for disease.
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Diseases: Comprehend/Pasteur/Jenner
The learner will be able to comprehend that Louis Pasteur demonstrated through his research the same concept that Edward Jenner had demonstrated regarding smallpox without comprehending the mechanism behind it: that vaccines could be produced that would stimulate the body to produce immunity against disease without causing the disease.
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Diseases: Comprehend/Germ/Theory
The learner will be able to comprehend that acceptance of the germ theory of disease brought about changes in health practices.
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Diseases: Explain/Germ/Theory/Changes
The learner will be able to explain that acceptance of the germ theory of disease brought about changes in health practices.
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Diseases: Germ/Theory/Illness/Treated
The learner will be able to understand that prior to the germ theory, illness was treated by appealing to supernatural powers or attempting to alter body fluids through vomiting, bleeding, or purging; the modern approach, however, emphasizes sanitation, safe handling of food and water, milk pasteurization, quarantine, aseptic surgical methods to reduce germ invasion, vaccinations to strengthen immunity against like microorganisms, use of antibiotics and other chemicals or methods of destroying microorganisms.
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Diseases: Describe/Pasteur/Immunity
The learner will be able to describe that Louis Pasteur determined that infection by disease-causing organisms causes the body to build up immunity against future infection against the same type of organism.
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Instruments: Utilize/Microscopes/Cells
The learner will be able to utilize microscopes to observe cells.
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Systems: Describe/Organs/Tissues
The learner will be able to describe that different organs and tissues function to serve the needs of cells for food, air, and waste removal.
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Food Webs: Explain/Ocean/Terrestrial
The learner will be able to explain that all living things are a part of and rely on two major interconnected global food webs, the ocean food web and the terrestrial food web.
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Species: Differentiate/Internal
The learner will be able to differentiate between species, especially through examining internal structures and functions.
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Human Hazards: Describe/Environment
The learner will be able to describe that the environment may contain dangerous levels of substances that are hazardous to people.
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Living Systems: Trace/Energy
The learner will be able to trace how energy flows and matter cycles between living systems and the physical environment.
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Human Population: Technologies/Changes
The learner will be able to explain how technologies regarding sanitation, disease prevention, and food production have drastically altered the way in which people live and work, thus changing factors that influence human population growth.
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Human Health: Food/Nutrition/Describe
The learner will be able to describe that the amount of food energy that a person needs differs according to body weight, age, sex, level of activity, and rate of metabolism.
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Human Exercise: Comprehend/Important
The learner will be able to comprehend that regular exercise is an important factor in maintaining a healthy heart and lung system, good muscle tone, and strong bones.
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Cells: Function/Similar/Living Things
The learner will be able to identify that cells function in similar ways in all living things.
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Cells: Function/Describe/Occur/Within
The learner will be able to describe that the basic functions of living things occur within cells.
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Cells: Function/Similar/Living/Things
The learner will be able to comprehend that cells function in a similar manner in all living things.
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Living Things: Structure/Describe
The learner will be able to describe that similarities can be found in the external and internal anatomical structures of living things.
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Living Things: Characteristics/Classify
The learner will be able to comprehend that similarities found in the internal and external anatomical features of living things are used to classify them since they may be used to infer their level of relatedness.
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Food Chains: Explain/Consume/Survival
The learner will be able to explain how living things that consume plants break down the plant structures in order to produce materials and energy necessary for their survival and are, in turn, eaten by other living things.
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Plants: Photosynthesis/Explain/Use/Light
The learner will be able to explain how plants use light energy, carbon dioxide and water to produce sugars which can be stored or used immediately.
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Environment: Policy/Comprehend/Monitor
The learner will be able to comprehend that it is necessary to monitor the soil, air, and water and take measures to keep them safe in order to protect the good health of individuals.
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Microbiology: Comprehend/Louis Pasteur
The learner will be able to comprehend that Louis Pasteur investigated the cause of spoilage and fermentation in milk and wine, showing that these processes are caused by microorganisms that enter, multiply, and produce waste; he further demonstrated that spoilage could be avoided by eliminating germs.
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Microbiology: Describe/Louis Pasteur
The learner will be able to describe that Louis Pasteur investigated the cause of spoilage of milk and fermentation of wine showing that these processes are caused by microorganisms that enter, multiply, and produce waste; he further demonstrated that spoilage could be avoided by eliminating germs.
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Immune: Describe/White/Blood/Cells
The learner will be able to describe that white blood cells can either engulf invaders, produce antibodies to attack them, or mark them to be destroyed by other white blood cells.
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Immune: Understand/Antibodies/Attack
The learner will be able to understand that antibodies, produced to attack specific invaders, will remain in the body where they will be able to attack future invaders of the same type.
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Fertilization: Describe/Joins/Develops
The learner will be able to describe how a single female specialized cell joins a male specialized cell during sexual reproduction; this fertilized egg contains genetic information from each parent and develops into a complete organism.
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Physical Science |
The Physical Science unit includes concepts related to matter, forces, motion, and energy, as well as their interactions. Topics include chemical and physical changes, electricity, magnetism, heat, light, sound, machines, work and power. |
Light: Object/Describe/Eye
The learner will be able to describe that for an object to be visible, light reflected or emitted by an object has to enter the eye.
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Energy: Transformations/Heat/Products
The learner will be able to describe that heat energy is usually one of the products of an energy transformation.
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Sun: Energy/Describe/Loses/Light
The learner will be able to describe that the sun loses energy by emitting light.
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Sun: Energy/Comprehend/Wavelengths
The learner will be able to comprehend that the energy from the sun reaches the earth as light with a range of wavelengths including visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light.
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Energy: Environment/Identify/Consequence
The learner will be able to identify that the various means of acquiring, transforming, and distributing energy have environmental consequences.
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Energy: Environment/Describe/Means
The learner will be able to describe that the various means of acquiring, transforming, and distributing energy have environmental consequences.
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Electromagnetic Spectrum: Explain/Eye
The learner will be able to explain that only a narrow range of wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum can be perceived by the human eye.
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Solubility: Describe/Substances/Water
The learner will be able to describe that many substances are water soluble.
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Electricity: Production/Explain/Sources
The learner will be able to explain how electrical energy can be generated from different sources and transformed into almost any kind of energy.
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Motion: Circular/Understand/Force/Center
The learner will be able to understand that if a force exerted upon an object consistently acts toward the same center as the object moves, the path of the object may curve into an orbit around the center.
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Chemical Reactions: Rate/Substances
The learner will be able to comprehend that the presence of certain water soluble substances in water often influences the rates of reactions that take place in the water as compared to the same reactions occurring in the water without the presence of the substances.
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Chemical Reactions: Rate/Explore/Acidity
The learner will be able to explore how the acidity of a solution affects its rate of reaction.
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Chemical Reactions: Temperature/Rate
The learner will be able to explore how temperature effects the rate of a reaction.
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Waves: Explain/Waves/Speeds/Media
The learner will be able to explain that waves move at different speeds in different media.
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Systems: Feedback/Describe/Input/Output
The learner will be able to describe that output from one part of a system can function as the input for other parts of the system; this feedback can control the functioning of the system as a whole.
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Forces: Objects/Explore/Unbalanced
The learner will be able to explore that unbalanced forces acting upon an object change its speed and/or path of motion.
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Systems: Examine/Relationships/Within
The learner will be able to examine relationships within systems.
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Systems: Explore/Illustrate/Information
The learner will be able to explore how various models can illustrate the same information, rates of change, cyclic changes, and alterations that counterbalance one another.
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Sound: Hearing/Explain/Waves/Enter/Ear
The learner will be able to explain that hearing takes place when something emits sound waves which enter the ear.
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Research and Inquiry |
The Research and Inquiry unit focuses on the knowledge, processes, and real world issues associated with science and technology. Topics include experimentation, data analysis, science related careers, and technological advances. |
Scientific Data: Gather/Organize
The learner will be able to gather and organize data to recognize relationships between physical objects, events, and processes.
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Math & Science: Represent/Synthesize
The learner will be able to represent and synthesize data using mathematical concepts.
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Validity: Question/Comprehend/Claims
The learner will be able to question scientific claims and comprehend that findings may be interpreted in more than one acceptable way.
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Science: History/Comprehend/Events
The learner will be able to comprehend how the scientific enterprise operates by using examples of historical events; through examining these events, comprehend that new ideas are limited by the context in which they are conceived and often the ideas are rejected by the scientific community; ideas sometimes stem from unexpected findings and grow or change slowly through the contributions of different investigators.
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Science: Knowledge/Gain/Natural/World
The learner will be able to gain knowledge of the natural world through explorations, experiences, and readings.
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Technology: Benefits/Risks/Consider
The learner will be able to consider a technology that benefits certain living things but potentially harms others, either intentionally or inadvertently.
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Math Skills: Determine/Precision/Round
The learner will be able to determine the appropriate degree of precision for expressing results of calculator operations, using the degree of precision of the original data; round off the results to significant figures that reflect those of the input values.
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Scientific Data: Comprehend/Sampled
The learner will be able to comprehend that if data is poorly sampled, the sample will not be representative of the whole data set.
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Scientific Data: Explain/Sample/Accurate
The learner will be able to explain that a larger data sample provides a more accurate representation of the whole data set.
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Questioning: Utilize/Reasoning/Ideas
The learner will be able to utilize logical reasoning to question his/her own ideas as new information challenges his/her conceptions of the natural world.
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Evidence and Explanations: Describe
The learner will be able to describe that diverse explanations can be offered for the same evidence and that it is not always possible to know which interpretation is accurate without further inquiry.
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Observations: Describe/Influenced/Expect
The learner will be able to describe that actual observations are often influenced by what people expect to observe.
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Observations: Provide/Example/Solution
The learner will be able to provide an example of a solution to the problem of actual observations often being influenced by preconceived expectations.
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Results: Identify/Different/Generated
The learner will be able to identify that when different results are generated from similar explorations, the scientific challenge is to evaluate whether the variances are minor or significant, often through further investigation.
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Results: Describe/Different/Generated
The learner will be able to describe that when different results are generated from similar explorations, the scientific challenge is to evaluate whether the variances are minor or significant, often through further investigation.
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Arguments: Formulate/Quantitative/Terms
The learner will be able to formulate arguments in quantitative terms.
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Math & Science: Use
The learner will be able to use mathematics in science.
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Graphs: Illustrate/Scale/Interpreted
The learner will be able to illustrate how the scale used on a graph or drawing determines how it is interpreted.
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Records: Describe/Importance/Science
The learner will be able to describe the importance of honest, clear, and accurate record-keeping in science.
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Models: Understand/Type/Purpose
The learner will be able to understand that the type of model utilized is determined by its purpose .
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Models: Understand/Complexity/Purpose
The learner will be able to understand that the complexity of a model is determined by its purpose.
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Models: Utilize/Various
The learner will be able to utilize various models to represent the same thing.
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Validity: Question/Claims/Sources
The learner will be able to question the validity of claims based on ambiguous sources or made by individuals without appropriate expertise.
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Communication: Written/Integrate/Provide
The learner will be able to integrate circle charts, bar and line graphs, diagrams, scatter plots, and symbols into a written format to provide evidence for claims and conclusions.
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Science: History/Recognize/Contributions
The learner will be able to recognize significant contributions to scientific, mathematical, and technological advancement by diverse people of different cultures at different times.
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Society: Impact/Describe/Developed/Used
The learner will be able to describe how societies impact the kinds of technology that are developed and used.
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Math: Problem Solving/Predict/Outcomes
The learner will be able to predict probabilities of outcomes in familiar situations based on past occurrences or the amount of possible outcomes.
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Technology: Solutions/Describe/Develop
The learner will be able to describe how engineers, architects, and others who participate in design and technology utilize scientific knowledge to develop solutions to practical problems.
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Problem Solving: Methods/Solutions
The learner will be able to create solutions to practical problems by utilizing various scientific methodologies.
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Instruments: Measurement/Take/Readings
The learner will be able to take readings of values from analog and digital meters on instruments used to take direct measurements.
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Instruments: Measurement/Choose/Units
The learner will be able to choose appropriate units for readings of values from analog and digital meters on instruments used to take direct measurements.
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Instruments: Measurement/Utilize/Data
The learner will be able to utilize instruments to measure, compute, and organize data.
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Technology: Benefits/Risks/Describe
The learner will be able to describe that technologies often have benefits in addition to drawbacks.
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Changes: Explain/Systems/Equilibrium
The learner will be able to explain how physical and biological systems tend to change until a state of equilibrium is achieved and remain that way unless there is a change in their surroundings.
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Changes: Illustrate/Symbolic/Equations
The learner will be able to illustrate, using symbolic equations, how quantities change over time or in response to changes in other quantities.
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Technology: Data/Demonstrate/Values
The learner will be able to demonstrate how values can be represented by utilizing sequences of only two symbols and how that influences storage of data in our society.
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Math Skills: Provide/Examples/Line/Zero
The learner will be able to provide examples of when it can be useful to have a number line extend below zero to represent negative numbers.
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Math Skills: Represent/Powers of Ten
The learner will be able to represent numbers utilizing powers of ten.
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Math Skills: Demonstrate/Lines/Parallel
The learner will be able to demonstrate how lines can be parallel, perpendicular, or oblique.
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Math Skills: Compute/Percent
The learner will be able to utilize appropriate mathematics to compute percent.
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Math Skills: Compute/Using/Formulas
The learner will be able to compute the circumferences and areas of rectangles, triangles, and circles, as well as the volumes of rectangular solids, using formulas.
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Math Skills: Show/Number/Line/Below/Zero
The learner will be able to show how a number line can extend below zero to represent negative numbers.
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Scientists: Historical/Give/Examples
The learner will be able to give examples of individuals who overcame bias and/or limited educational and employment opportunities to excel in science.
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Tech. & Society: Recognize/History
The learner will be able to recognize ways that history has been, and continues to be, significantly influenced by technology.
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